When cavitation damage is evident on a set of wet liners, which of the following is more likely to be responsible?

Cavitation damage in wet liners is primarily associated with issues in the coolant system, particularly coolant breakdown. Cavitation occurs when vapor bubbles form in the coolant surrounding the liners and then collapse, creating shock waves that can erode the metal surfaces of the liners.

If the coolant has deteriorated, it may lose its protective qualities and become less effective at heat transfer, which can lead to localized boiling and ultimately cavitation. Regular maintenance of the coolant—ensuring the correct coolant type and concentration, as well as replacing coolant at recommended intervals—can help prevent such breakdowns and the associated cavitation damage.

While lubrication breakdown, high cylinder pressures, and cold engine operation can contribute to various forms of engine wear and damage, they are less directly connected to cavitation issues in wet liners. Proper coolant maintenance is vital in minimizing the risks of cavitation, making it the most likely cause in this situation.